De novo review of the substance of agency actions has essentially vanished from administrative law, except in the handful of situations in which a statutory or constitutional guarantee outside of the APA requires such treatment. 对机关行动本质的重新审查基本上已从行政法领域消失,除在一些具体情况下以外,如《行政程序法》之外的法定或宪法保障要求这样的处理方法。